Download Free Java Software. Download Java for your desktop computer now! Upgrading to the latest Java version improves the security of your system, as older versions do not include the latest security updates. Oracle acquired Sun Microsystems in 2010, and since that time Oracle's hardware and software engineers have worked side-by-side to build fully integrated systems and. The sterile insect technique (SIT) is a method of biological insect control, whereby overwhelming numbers of sterile insects are released into the wild. Download free typing tutor here. You may free download the latest version of Rapid Typing Tutor here. Java allows you to play online games, chat with people around the world, calculate your mortgage interest, and view images in 3. D, just to name a few. Massage - Wikipedia. Massage involves working and acting on the body with pressure.
Techniques are commonly applied using hands, fingers, elbows, knees, forearm, feet, or a device. The purpose of massage is generally promoted as treatment for stress or pain. In professional settings massage clients are treated while lying on a massage table, sitting in a massage chair, or lying on a mat on the floor, while in amateur settings a general purpose surface like a bed or floor is more common. Aquatic massage and bodywork is performed with recipients submersed or floating in a warm- water therapy pool. Etymology. Greek verb . The Nei- jing is a compilation of medical knowledge known up to that date, and is the foundation of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Massage is referred to in 3. Nei Jing. It specifies the use of different massage techniques and how they should be used in the treatment of specific ailments, and injuries. Also known as . Jivaka is known today as . Free Download Of Release Technique LarrySanskrit records indicate that massage had been practiced in India long before the beginning of recorded history. Later in the 1. 1th century copies were translated back into Latin, and again in the 1. Free Download Of Release Technique DanceKill em All 2017 Movie Free Download 720p BluRay. Full Name: Kill em All 2017 Movie Free Download 720p BluRay Size: 1.3 GB Quality: 720p BluRay. European scholars as to the achievements of the Ancient Greeks. This renewal of the Galenic tradition during the Renaissance played a very important part in the rise of modern science. One of the greatest Persian medics was Avicenna, also known as Ibn Sina, who lived from 9. AD to 1. 03. 7AD. His works included a comprehensive collection and systematisation of the fragmentary and unorganised Greco- Roman medical literature that had been translated Arabic by that time, augmented by notes from his own experiences. One of his books, Al- Q. Avicenna excelled in the logical assessment of conditions and comparison of symptoms and took special note of analgesics and their proper use as well as other methods of relieving pain, including massage. AD 1. 15. 0: Evidence of massage abortion, involving the application of pressure to the pregnant abdomen, can be found in one of the bas reliefs decorating the temple of Angkor Wat in Cambodia. It depicts a demon performing such an abortion upon a woman who has been sent to the underworld. This is the oldest known visual representation of abortion. Ling has often been erroneously credited for having invented . According to Joseph Needhan, Cibot's work . This work has long been regarded as of cardinal importance in the history of physiotherapy because it almost certainly influenced the Swedish founder of the modern phase of the art, Per Hendrik Ling. Cibot had studied at least one Chinese book, but also got much from a Christian neophyte who had become expert in the subject before his conversion. Ling developed what he called the . Ling and his assistants left little proper written account of their methods. These techniques are still known by their French names (effleurage (long, gliding strokes), petrissage (lifting and kneading the muscles), friction (firm, deep, circular rubbing movements), tapotement (brisk tapping or percussive movements), and vibration (rapidly shaking or vibrating specific muscles)). Modern times. It is widely practiced and taught in hospital and medical schools and is an essential part of health maintenance and primary healthcare. There are many private practitioners working from their own premises as well as those who operate from commercial venues. Massage in sports, business and organizations: Massage developed alongside athletics in both Ancient China and Ancient Greece. Taoist priests developed massage in concert with their Kung Fugymnastic movements, while Ancient Greek Olympians used a specific type of trainer (. Pehr Ling's introduction to massage also came about directly as a result of his study of gymnastic movements. The 1. 98. 4 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles was the first time that massage therapy was televised as it was being performed on the athletes. And then, during the 1. Summer Olympics in Atlanta massage therapy was finally offered as a core medical service to the US Olympic Team. Department of Justice, Boeing and Reebok. Michael Leahy in which specified techniques are used to release what are presumed to be soft tissue adhesions. It is based on the concept of life energy which flows through . In treatment, physical pressure is applied to acupuncture points with the aim of clearing blockages in these meridians. Pressure may be applied by hand, by elbow, or with various devices. Some medical studies have suggested that acupressure may be effective at helping manage nausea and vomiting, for helping lower back pain, tension headaches, stomach ache, among other things, although such studies have been found to have a high likelihood of bias. This includes land- based forms performed in water (e. Aquatic Craniosacral Therapy, Aquatic Myofascial Release Therapy, etc.), as well as forms specific to warm water pools (e. Aquatic Integration, Dolphin Dance, Healing Dance, Jahara technique, Water. Dance, Watsu). The name comes from the Japanese, ashi for foot and atsu for pressure. According to the Ayurvedic Classics Abhayngam is an important dincharya (Daily Regimen) that is needed for maintaining a healthy lifestyle. The massage technique used during Ayurvedic Massage is known to stimulate the lymphatic system to expel the toxins out from the body. The Ayurvedic Massage also stimulates production of lymphocytes which play a vital role in maintaining the immunity in human body. Thus regular Ayurvedic Massage can lead to better immunity and also help in body de- toxification. The other benefits of regular Ayurvedic Massage include pain relief, reduction of fatigue, prevention of ageing and bestowing longevity. Practised as a stand- alone therapy, it is a combination of physical and energy work and also uses a stethoscope to hear the peristalsis. It is believed there are some specific points on our feet that correspond to different organs in the body. Stimulation of these points during foot massage can cause significant reduction in pain. Studies also suggest that foot reflexology massage can reduce fatigue and promote better sleep. As an indigenous practice, it varies by island and by family. The word lomilomi also is used for massage in Samoa and East Futuna. In Samoa, it is also known as lolomi and milimili. In East Futuna, it is also called milimili, fakasolosolo, amoamo, lusilusi, kinikini, fai’ua. In Tonga massage is fotofota, tolotolo, and amoamo. In Tahiti it is rumirumi. On Nanumea in Tuvalu, massage is known as popo, pressure application is kukumi, and heat application is tutu. Massage has also been documented in Tikopia in the Solomon Islands, in Rarotonga and in Pukapuka in Western Samoa. The lymphatic system is a network of slow moving vessels in the body that carries cellular waste toward the heart, to be filtered and removed. Lymph also carries lymphocytes, and other immune system agents. Manual lymphatic drainage claims to improve waste removal and immune function. Others use it to describe a general category of massage and many methods such as deep tissue massage, myofascial release and triggerpoint therapy as well as osteopathic techniques, cranial- sacral techniques and many more can be used to work with various medical conditions. Light massage is also used in pain management and palliative care. Carotid sinus massage is used to diagnose carotid sinus syncope and is sometimes useful for differentiating supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) from ventricular tachycardia. It, like the valsalva maneuver, is a therapy for SVT. Myofascial release usually involves applying shear compression or tension in various directions, cross fiber friction or by skin rolling. There is no convincing data available to suggest that shiatsu is an effective treatment for any medical condition. This is accomplished by deep, slow, fascial and myofascial manipulation, coupled with movement re- education. Various brands of Structural Integration are Rolfing, Hellerwork, Guild for Structural Integration, Aston Patterning. The Swedish massage techniques vary from light to vigorous. The five basic strokes are effleurage (sliding or gliding), petrissage (kneading), tapotement (rhythmic tapping), friction (cross fiber or with the fibers) and vibration/shaking. Elsewhere the style is referred to as . One study reported that Swedish Massage caused reduction in salivary cortisol indicating its role in management of stress and improvement in mood. It is a deep, full- body massage progressing from the feet up, and focusing on sen or energy lines throughout the body, with the aim of clearing blockages in these lines, and thus stimulating the flow of blood and lymph throughout the body. It draws on yoga, acupressure and reflexology. Thai Massage is a popular massage therapy that is used for management of conditions such as musculoskeletal pain and fatigue. Thai Massage involves a number of stretching movements that improve body flexibility, joint movement and also improve blood circulation throughout the body. In one study scientists found that Thai Massage showed comparable efficacy as the painkiller ibuprofen in reduction of joint pain caused by osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. Categories include Pu Tong An Mo (general massage), Tui Na An Mo (pushing and grasping massage), Dian Xue An Mo (cavity pressing massage), and Qi An Mo (energy massage). Technique such as friction and vibration are used as well. Manual pressure, vibration, injection, or other treatment is applied to these points to relieve myofascial pain. Trigger points were first discovered and mapped by Janet G. Travell (President Kennedy's physician) and David Simons. Trigger points have been photomicrographed and measured electrically. The technique combines hydrotherapy floating and immersion with shiatsu and other massage techniques. Watsu is used as a form of aquatic therapy for deep relaxation and other therapeutic intent. Related forms include Water. Dance, Healing Dance, and Jahara technique. Sterile insect technique - Wikipedia. The screw- worm fly was the first pest successfully eliminated from an area through the sterile insect technique, by the use of an integrated area- wide approach. The sterile insect technique (SIT). The released insects are preferably male, as this is more cost- effective and the females may in some situations cause damage by laying eggs in the crop, or, in the case of mosquitoes, taking blood from humans. The sterile males compete with wild males to mate with the females. Females that mate with a sterile male produce no offspring, thus reducing the next generation's population. Sterile insects are not self- replicating and, therefore, cannot become established in the environment. Repeated release of sterile males over low population densities can further reduce and in cases of isolation eliminate pest populations, although cost- effective control with dense target populations is subjected to population suppression prior to the release of the sterile males. The technique has successfully been used to eradicate the screw- worm fly (Cochliomyia hominivorax) from North and Central America. Many successes have been achieved for control of fruit fly pests, most particularly the Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata) and the Mexican fruit fly (Anastrepha ludens). Sterilization is induced through the effects of irradiation on the reproductive cells of the insects. SIT does not involve the release of insects modified through transgenic (genetic engineering) processes. They exploited the fact that female screw- worms mate only once to attack screw- worm reproduction. The larvae of these flies invade open wounds and eat into animal flesh, killing infected cattle within 1. In the 1. 95. 0s, screw- worms caused annual losses to American meat and dairy supplies that were projected at above $2. Screw- worm maggots can also parasitize human flesh. Knipling. Bushland and Knipling began searching for an alternative to chemical pesticides began in the late 1. United States Department of Agriculture Laboratory in Menard, Texas. At that time, the screw- worm was devastating livestock herds across the American South. Red meat and dairy supplies were affected across Mexico, Central America, and South America. Knipling developed the theory of autocidal control – breaking the pest's reproductive cycle. Bushland's enthusiasm for Knipling's theory sparked the pair to search for a way to rear flies in a . The sterile insect technique worked; near eradication was achieved using X- ray- sterilized flies. Successes. Screw- worms were eliminated in seven weeks, saving the domestic goat herds that were a source of meat and milk. During the late 1. SIT was used to control the screw- worm population in the US. In the 1. 98. 0s, Mexico and Belize eliminated their screw- worm problems with SIT. Eradication programs progressed across Central America in the 1. Panama to prevent reinfestation from the south. The map shows the current and former distribution area and the approximate seasonal spread of the screw- worm fly. In 1. 99. 1, Knipling and Bushland's technique halted a serious outbreak of New World screw- worm in northern Africa. Programs against the Mediterranean fruit fly in Mexico, Florida and California use the SIT to maintain their fly- free status. The technique was used to eradicate the melon fly from Okinawa and in the fight against the tsetse fly in Africa. The technique has suppressed insects threatening livestock, fruit, vegetable, and fiber crops. The technique was lauded for its environmental attributes: it leaves no residues and has no (direct) negative effect on nontarget species. The technique has been a boon in protecting the agricultural products to feed the world's human population. Both Bushland and Knipling received worldwide recognition for their leadership and scientific achievements, including the 1. World Food Prize. Secretary of Agriculture. Orville Freeman as . Caused by protozoa of genus Trypanosoma and transmitted by the tsetse fly, the disease is endemic in regions of sub- Saharan Africa, covering about 3. An estimated 5. 0,0. The three most recent epidemics occurred in 1. Studies of the tsetse fly show that females generally mate only once (occasionally twice). Studies found this process to be effective in preventing the scourge. Successful programmes. It is being suppressed by SIT in fruit- producing areas of Croatia, Israel, South Africa and Spain. The codling moth (Cydia pomonella) is being effectively suppressed in parts of in British Columbia, Canada. For instance, the technique must be implemented separately for each of the 6 economically important tsetse fly species. Mass rearing and irradiation. Failures have occurred when unexpectedly fertile breeding males were released. Area- wide approach is more effective, as migration of wild insects from outside the control area could recreate the problem. The cost of producing sufficient sterile insects can be prohibitive in some locations but decreases with economies of scale. Conclusion and perspectives. However, since no legal framework exists to authorize the release of such organisms in the nature. A meeting was held at FAO headquarters in Rome, 8 to 1. April 2. 00. 2 on . The resulting proceedings. The direct benefits of screwworm eradication to the North and Central American livestock industries are estimated to be over $1. Mexico protects a fruit and vegetable export market of over $3 billion/year through an annual investment around $2. Medfly- free status has been estimated to have opened markets for Chile's fruit exports up to $5. Eradication of tsetse has resulted in major socioeconomic benefits for Zanzibar. Sterile Insect Technique: Principles and Practice in Area- Wide Integrated Pest Management. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer. ISBN 1- 4. 02. 0- 4. B., Robinson, A. S., and Hendrichs, J. Springer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands^(in French) Luigi D'Andrea, . Sous quel contr. 5. Development of the sterile insect technique for African malaria vectors. Malaria Journal Volume 8 Suppl 2. Annals of Internal Medicine. ISSN 0. 00. 3- 4. PMID 2. 68. 32. 39. International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria. FAO/IAEA. FAO/IAEA Standard Operating Procedures for Mass- Rearing Tsetse Flies, Version 1. International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria. Knols BG and Louis C. Bridging laboratory and fields research for genetic control of disease vectors. In proceedings of the joint WHO/TDR, NIAID, IAEA and Frontis workshop on bridging laboratory and field research for genetic control of disease vectors, Nairobi, Kenya 1. July 2. 00. 4 Wageningen. Frontis^Scott, TW; Takken, W; Knols, BG; Boete, C (2. Retrieved September 1. Archived from the original(PDF) on May 1. Retrieved September 1. Sterile Insect Technique. In Encyclopedia of Insects, ed. Resh and Ring T. Second Edition. London, Oxford, Boston, New York and San Diego: Academic Press, Elsevier Science Publisher.
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